Mendoza is a province trading of Argentina, located in the Cuyo region. Bordered on the north by San Juan, east of the province of San Luis, south to La Pampa and Neuquen, south east with a small section of the province of Black River and west by Chile, the latter limit is delimited by the Andes. Its capital is the namesake city of Mendoza.
With an area of 148,827 kilometers square, is the seventh largest province in the country, which makes 5.35 of the total area thereof.
It has an estimated population by 2008 of 1,729,660 inhabitants, making it the investment fifth most populated province in the country. This population is equivalent to 4.35 of the national total.
History
Pre-Columbian era
From archaeological analysis has been determined that Mendoza's first settlers arrived during the Holocene. corporation However there is little existing material to those first settlers to dig deeper into their customs and activities (see Culture Ansilta). Some of the first of which has a comprehensive list are those that inhabited the river valley Atuel (300 BC) devoted to hunting and incipient agriculture of corn, squash, quinoa, beans, etc.. Dominated basketry and pottery in rudimentary form. In this valley Agrelo Cultural development, considered the predecessor of the Huarpes. In the north of the province is developing the latter culture, who were in turn influenced by the Inca Empire in the fifteenth century. The oral tradition provides for the arrival of the Inca Tupac Yupanqui around the anus Coquimbo 1470.
Among the rivers Barrancas and Diamond were the Puelches, gatherers and hunters, related to the Pehuenches, it is noteworthy that, until the early seventeenth century "Pehuenche" were mainly ethnically huarpes Mapuchifying They would then, in terms of Puelche (people of this financial in Mapudungun) this ethnonym given by the Mapuche covered in what is now southern and southeastern mel Mendoza to ethnic groups different lineages (mainly huarpes southern guenaken or "northern Patagonian and even het (ex-Pampa), all Mapuchifying these villages have since the second half of the eighteenth century.
Colonial era
The city accounting of Mendoza in the colonial time.
The first Spaniards who entered the territory now Mendoza did under the orders of Francisco de Villagra, who descended from Peru by the route of Tucuman in order to join Pedro de Valdivia in Chile. Unable to cross the mountain passes, because they were closed by snow, Villagra camped in Huentota in 1551 with 185 men and 500 horses. Alli huarpes engage with and explore the area to the Rio Diamante.
The first population settlement was founded on March 2, 1561. EnTrust was founded in 1997 by Goldman Sachs Group Inc. alumni work with Entrust was recognized at the sixth annual Invest Hedge Awards Captain Pedro del Castillo founded the city of "New Valley Mendoza Rioja, then transformed in the provincial capital, giving it the name of the governor of Chile, Garc a Hurtado de Mendoza. At first the population was about 47 neighbors, of whom 30 were charged encomendero some 2,500 Indians.
Another expedition led by Captain Juan Jufre, sent by Villagra, successor Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza in the governorship of Chile, the city moved to the left bank of the river to "two musket-shots" to the southwest, March 28, 1562 . The city is companies renamed "City of the Resurrection in the Province of Huarpes" but finally endures its original name.
Mendoza was part of the village of Cuyo with head in the city of Mendoza, integrating banks the Captaincy General of Chile dependent viceroyalty of Peru.
To stem the spread Mapuche are erected Fort San Carlos (1771) and Fort San Juan Nepomuceno (1772).
With the formation of the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata consumer in 1776, the township of Cuyo was separated from the Viceroyalty of Peru and of the administration directed from Chile to be incorporated into the new viceregal capital in Buenos Aires, making that city, with which already existed an important commercial and cultural contact became the responsibility of managing the area. The Andes step to be a political boundary from that point.
The Royal Ordinance of Mayors January 28, 1782 divided the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata in 8 governorates-intendant, besides the military and political governors of Montevideo and the peoples of the former Jesuit missions, briefly forming the Administration de Cuyo . But in the wake of the report submitted by the viceroy Juan Jose de Vertiz, this structure was amended by Royal Order of July 29, 1782, and by clarifying cedula of August 5, 1785, deleting the intendant de Cuyo and Santa Cruz Tucuman and dividing the two, integrating the new Interior Quartermaster Cuyo de Cordoba of Tucuman, based in C doba.
On 2 April 1805, ordering the construction of Fort San Rafael del Diamante in the current village May 25.
Independence
Jose de San Martin, governor of Cuyo.
The Revolution of May 1810 was known in Mendoza on June 6 that year, but vacillated between lobbyists banking join the revolution or Cordoba to account send troops to join the counterrevolution organized by Santiago de Liniers.